What Lebanon's Shiites don't tell you about Hezbollah

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Title : What Lebanon's Shiites don't tell you about Hezbollah
Link : What Lebanon's Shiites don't tell you about Hezbollah

The struggle over the identity of Lebanon's Shiite community has been unfolding for decades, with senior clerics offering an alternative to the doctrine of wilayat al-faqih, maintaining their independence from Iran and challenging Hezbollah. Behind the political dispute lies a deeper struggle over one question: Who has the authority to speak for Lebanon's Shiites?

When Israelis think of a Shiite cleric in Lebanon, the image that almost automatically comes to mind is that of a religious figure identified with Hezbollah. Over the years, the association between religion, the organization and Iran has become so strong that it is easy to forget an important fact: Some of the most profound opposition to the worldview represented by Hezbollah emerged from within Lebanon's own Shiite religious establishment.

To understand this, it is necessary to go back to the Supreme Islamic Shiite Council, founded by Imam Musa al-Sadr in 1967. Its establishment marked a watershed for Lebanon's Shiites: For the first time, an official institution had been created to represent them within the Lebanese state. But after al-Sadr's disappearance in 1978 and Hezbollah's subsequent rise, a broader struggle gradually emerged over who had the authority to speak in the name of the Shiites: the Lebanese community's own institutions, or a political-military movement also committed to Iran's religious leadership.

...The significance of these voices is greater than the number of people they are able to mobilize. Hezbollah is not merely an armed political party. It also rests on a system of religious legitimacy. When criticism comes from a Shiite cleric, therefore, it touches an especially sensitive point: It challenges Hezbollah's claim not only to be the dominant political force among Lebanon's Shiites, but also to be the natural representative of their religious worldview. The dispute within Lebanese Shiite society, then, is not only about Hezbollah's weapons or its relationship with Iran. Beneath it lies a deeper struggle that has been unfolding for decades: Who has the authority to define what the Lebanese Shiite path actually is? (Read More)